Consider the following statements regarding 73rd Constitution Amendment Act of 1992. 1. The Act has given a practical shape to Article 40 of the Constitution. 2. The Act gives a constitutional status to the Panchayati raj institutions. 3. It has brought the Panchayati raj institutions under the purview of the justiciable part of the Constitution. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

The 73rd Constitution Amendment Act, 1992, added Part IX and the Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution, providing a constitutional framework for Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). Statement 1 is correct. Article 40, a DPSP, calls for the organization of village panchayats. The 73rd Amendment Act gave a practical shape to this principle by making the establishment and functioning of PRIs mandatory and defining their structure, powers, and functions. Statement 2 is correct. The Act granted constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions, making their establishment and certain core aspects like regular elections, reservation of seats, and financial autonomy mandatory under the Constitution. Statement 3 is correct. By giving constitutional status and laying down mandatory provisions regarding the composition, duration, election, reservation of seats, etc., the Act brought these aspects of PRIs under the purview of the justiciable part of the Constitution. Failure of states to comply with these mandatory provisions can be challenged in courts. All three statements are correct.