In the landmark case of Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court significantly broadened the interpretation of Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty). The Court held that the procedure established by law must be fair, just, and reasonable, not arbitrary or oppressive. In this judgment, the Court also emphasized that Articles 14 (Equality), 19 (Freedoms), and 21 are not water- tight compartments but form a "golden triangle" and are interconnected. Any law or state action affecting life and personal liberty must satisfy the requirements of all three articles, ensuring reasonableness and non-arbitrariness.
In which of the following cases was it observed that Articles 14, 19 and 21 are not mutually exclusive and they jointly aim at reasonableness and fairness?
Asked in WBCS Main Paper 5 2019 · Topic: Fundamental Rights (Landmark Supreme Court Judgments related to Fundamental Rights)
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