Environment and Ecology questions with answers

2,222 multiple-choice questions. Open any question for its answer and explanation.

Questions asked in State PSC and UPSC prelims, by topic. Each topic also has notes to read.

Read the notes: Forest and Wildlife →

51. Statement 2 is correct. The MISHTI initiative aims to undertake mangrove plantation along the coastline and on salt pan lands, thus restoring and conserving mangrove forests. 50. What is meant by Reserved forest?Asked in Assistant Conservator of Forest (ACF) 2012
52. The National Afforestation and Eco Development Board (NAEB) was set up by the Government of India in the yearAsked in RO ARO 2020
53. Looking for the need of better management of forests in 1864 British Government established forest department with the experts of which country?Asked in Executive Officer and Tax & Revenue Inspector Exam 2023
54. When was the 'National Afforestation and Eco-development Board' set up by Government of India ?Asked in UPPSC ACF RFO gs 1 2021
55. Which of the following forests is known as the Lungs of the Planet Earth? A) Equatorial Forests B) Taiga Forests C) Deciduous Forests D) Tundra ForestsAsked in GPSC Prelims CSP 2 2021
56. The minimum forest cover necessary to maintain ecological balance isAsked in WBCS Main Paper 3 2021
57. Which of the following is/are example(s) of ecosystem service provided by forests ?Asked in Assistant Conservator of Forest 2025
58. In order to maintain proper ecological balance in India, the minimum recommended area to be covered by forest isAsked in Economics & Statistical Officer Exam 2005
59. On which date International Day of Forests is celebrated?Asked in POST GRADUATE TEACHER (PGT) 2018
60. Consider the following statements : 1. The definition of “Critical Wildlife Habitat” is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act, 2006. 2. For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights. 3. Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct ?Asked in UPSC IAS 2018
61. Consider the following statements: 1. As per recent amendment to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, forest dwellers have the right to fell the bamboos grown on forest areas. 2. As per the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, bamboo is a minor forest produce. 3. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 allows ownership of minor forest produce to forest dwellers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?Asked in UPSC IAS 2019
62. The statement claiming a general right to fell bamboos grown on forest areas might be misleading or incorrect as per the 2017 amendment's primary focus on non-forest areas and the nuances of rights under FRA 2006.Statement 2 is correct. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 explicitly defines 'Minor Forest Produce' (MFP) to include "bamboo, brush wood, stumps, cane, tussar, cocoons, honey, wax, lac, tendu or kendu leaves, medicinal plants and herbs, roots, tubers and the like". Thus, as per this Act, bamboo is a minor forest produce.Statement 3 is correct. The Forest Rights Act, 2006, recognizes and vests forest rights and occupation in forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes and other traditional forest dwellers. Section 3(1)(c) specifically recognizes the right of ownership, access to collect, use, and dispose of minor forest produce, which has been traditionally collected within or outside village boundaries. 61. Consider the following statements : 1. Moringa (drumstick tree) is a leguminous evergreen tree. 2. Tamarind tree is endemic to South Asia. 3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce. 4. India exports tamarind and seeds of moringa. 5. Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used in the production of biofuels. Which of the statements given above are correct?Asked in UPSC IAS 2021
63. With reference to the Forest Survey Report, 2021 of the Government of India, consider the following statements : (i) Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under forest cover. (ii) Mizoram has the highest percentage of area under forest cover. (iii) Per capita availability of forest-land is the highest in Sikkim. Select the correct statement(s) using the codes given below.Asked in APSC CCE Prelims Exam 2022
64. According to Indian Forest Status Report released in February 2018, how much area of India is covered by forests?Asked in BPSC Prelims Exam 64th
65. Which one of the following States/Union Territories has the highest percentage of forest area to the total geographical area?Asked in UPSC CDS 1 2022
66. There is an increase in forest cover area of India between 2011 and 2021. However, there is a decrease in forest cover area of India during the same period inAsked in UPSC CDS 1 2023
67. As per the India State of Forest Report 2021, which of the following states has maximum percentage of its geographical area under forest cover ?Asked in UPSC Geoscientist 2024
68. In India, the forest cover percentage of the total geographical area of the country is approximately :Asked in HPPSC HPAS Prelims 2014
69. In India, approximately what percentage of the country's total geographical area is forest area?Asked in HPPSC HPAS Prelims 2014
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71. What is the minimum land area recommended for forest cover to maintain proper ecological balance in India ?Asked in JPSC CS Prelims 2021 · UPPCS Prelims 1999
72. Consider the following States of India in terms of percentage of forest area in relation to the total area of the State : 1. Karnataka 2. Odisha 3. Kerala 4. Andhra Pradesh Which one of the following is the correct descending order ?Asked in UPSC NDA 2 2017
73. Statements about Terrestrial laser scanning are given below :Asked in PPSC CS Prelims 2021
74. Where is the head quarter of the Forest Survey of India (FSI) located?Asked in TNPSC CS Prelims 2015
75. Arrange the following States in descending order based on percentage of Geographical Area under Recorded Forest Area (RFA) in 2021 as published by Forest Survey of India : A. Nagaland B. Sikkim C. Mizoram D. Arunachal Pradesh Choose the correct order :Asked in per the India – State of Forest Report – 2021 · TSPSC Group 1 Prelims 2024