- The Fifteenth Finance Commission used multiple criteria for horizontal tax devolution among states. - Population, Area, and Income Distance were significant criteria. - Other criteria included Demographic Performance, Forest and Ecology, and Tax and Fiscal Efforts. - Governance reforms and Stable government were not formula-based criteria for horizontal devolution.
Consider the following: 1. Demographic performance 2. Forest and ecology 3. Governance reforms 4. Stable government 5. Tax and fiscal efforts For the horizontal tax devolution, the Fifteenth Finance Commission used how many of the above as criteria other than population area and income distance?
Asked in UPSC IAS 2023 · Topic: The Finance Commission (Principles governing recommendations for distribution)
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