Consider the following statements: I. If a person looks at a coin which is in a bucket of water, the coin will appear to be closer than it really is. II. If a person under water looks at a coin above the water surface, the coin will appear to be at a higher level than it really it. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

These phenomena are explained by the refraction of light. When light passes from one medium to another, it bends. - Statement I: When looking at an object in a denser medium (water) from a rarer medium (air), the light rays bend away from the normal as they exit the water. The observer perceives the object's virtual image to be higher (closer to the surface) than its actual position. If the object is at the bottom, appearing higher means it appears closer to the observer looking down from above. - Statement II: When looking at an object in a rarer medium (air, above water) from a denser medium (under water), the light rays bend towards the normal as they enter the water. The observer under water perceives the object's virtual image to be further away from the surface (at a higher level relative to the interface) than its actual position.