Osmosis is the spontaneous movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration. Osmotic pressure is the pressure that would have to be applied to a pure solvent to prevent it from passing into a given solution by osmosis, often used to express the concentration of the solution. Reverse osmosis is a process where a solvent is forced through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high solute concentration to a region of low solute concentration by applying a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure. This is the principle used in desalination to separate pure water from seawater.
Desalination of seawater is done by using reverse osmosis. The pressure applied to the solution is
Asked in UPSC CDS 2 2017 · Topic: Physical and Chemical Changes, Solution (Solubility and Factors Affecting Solubility (Temperature, Pressure))
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Answer: A. larger than osmotic pressure
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