- Statement I: Global warming refers to the long- term increase in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system, primarily observed as a rise in global surface temperature since the pre-industrial period. - Statement II: Greenhouse gases (like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.) trap heat (infrared radiation) in the Earth's atmosphere, creating a warming effect. An increase in the concentration of these gases enhances this trapping, leading to a rise in global surface temperature. This increase is primarily attributed to human activities.