The principle that enables light to travel along the optical fibers, even when they are bent, is Total Internal Reflection (TIR). TIR occurs when light strikes the boundary between two media at an angle greater than the critical angle, causing it to reflect back into the original medium.
Endoscope, used by doctors for examining the inside of a patient's stomach, works on the principle of
Asked in JPSC CS Prelims 2011 · UPPCS Prelims 2010 · Topic: Optics (Total Internal Reflection and applications)
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