Fact 1 : All chickens are birds. Fact 2 : Some chickens are hens. Fact 3 : Female birds lay eggs. If the first three statements are facts, which of the following statement/(s) must also be a fact ? I. All birds lay eggs. II. Hens are birds. III. Some chickens are not hens. Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Fact 1 states that all chickens are birds. Fact 2 states that some chickens are hens. The structure of Fact 2 implies that hens are a type of chicken. Therefore, if something is a hen, it is a chicken, and since all chickens are birds (Fact 1), it must also be a bird. Statement II ("Hens are birds") logically follows from Fact 1 and Fact 2. Statement I ("All birds lay eggs") does not follow, as Fact 3 states only female birds lay eggs, and not all birds are female. Statement III ("Some chickens are not hens") does not necessarily follow from Fact 2 ("Some chickens are hens") under a strict logical interpretation where "some" means "at least one". It is consistent with the facts that all chickens are hens, although common language might imply otherwise. In strict logic, Fact 2 does not guarantee the existence of chickens that are not hens. Therefore, only Statement II is a logical consequence of the given facts.