Statement (a) is correct; Maharashtra claims Belgaum (Belagavi) based on linguistic majority. Statement (b) is incorrect; Belgaum was part of the Bombay Presidency under British rule, not the Hyderabad princely state, before independence. Statement (c) is correct; Belgaum is currently a district in Karnataka. Statement (d) is incorrect; the boundary dispute case concerning Belgaum and other areas is pending before the Supreme Court of India, not the Bombay High Court.