- The Indian Census is indeed the primary source of demographic and socio-economic data in India. - The first census in India was conducted non-synchronously between 1867 and 1872. - The first synchronous census was held in 1881. - The census is conducted every 10 years. - The Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India is responsible for conducting the census. - The office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner falls under the Union Ministry of Home Affairs.