Assertion (A) claims the 73rd Amendment is a watershed moment for local self-government in India. This is true because it fundamentally transformed the status and structure of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) by granting them constitutional recognition. Reason (R) states that the 73rd Amendment conferred constitutional status on Panchayats. This is also true; Part IX of the Constitution, added by the 73rd Amendment, explicitly provides for the establishment and structure of Panchayats.