In experiment #1, a bar magnet is moved towards a conducting wire loop axially, with the magnet's north pole facing the loop. In experiment #2, the same process as in experiment #1 is repeated except that the south pole of the magnet faces the loop. Which one of the following statements is true in this context?

This question is based on Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction and Lenz's Law. Faraday's Law states that a changing magnetic flux through a loop induces an electromotive force (EMF), which drives a current in a conducting loop. Lenz's Law provides the direction of the induced current: it flows in such a direction as to oppose the change in magnetic flux that produced it. In experiment #1, the North pole of the bar magnet is moved towards the loop. This increases the magnetic flux through the loop in the direction of the magnet's approaching field lines (which emerge from the North pole). To oppose this increase, the induced current in the loop creates a magnetic field pointing away from the magnet. By the right- hand rule, this corresponds to a specific direction of current flow (e.g., counter-clockwise when viewed from the magnet). In experiment #2, the South pole of the same magnet is moved towards the loop. This increases the magnetic flux through the loop in the direction of the magnet's approaching field lines (which enter the South pole). To oppose this increase, the induced current in the loop creates a magnetic field pointing away from the magnet's approaching South pole (i.e., in the direction of the field lines leaving a South pole). By the right-hand rule, this corresponds to the opposite direction of current flow compared to experiment #1 (e.g., clockwise when viewed from the magnet). Therefore, the direction of the induced current will be opposite in the two experiments.