In the view of classical theorists, an organisation is

The correct answer is: B. open system

A closed system is a system that is not affected by its environment. An open system is a system that is affected by its environment.

Classical theorists view organizations as closed systems. They believe that organizations are self-contained and that they can control their own destiny. They believe that organizations can be managed by applying scientific principles and by creating a hierarchy of authority.

However, modern theorists view organizations as open systems. They believe that organizations are affected by their environment and that they must adapt to changes in the environment in order to survive. They believe that organizations are complex and that they cannot be managed by applying simple scientific principles.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Option A: A closed system is a system that is not affected by its environment. This means that the system is self-contained and that it does not interact with its surroundings. Classical theorists view organizations as closed systems. They believe that organizations are self-contained and that they can control their own destiny.
• Option B: An open system is a system that is affected by its environment. This means that the system interacts with its surroundings and that it is influenced by changes in the environment. Modern theorists view organizations as open systems. They believe that organizations are affected by their environment and that they must adapt to changes in the environment in order to survive.
• Option C: Both A and B. This option is incorrect because it is not possible for a system to be both closed and open at the same time. A system is either closed or open, but not both.
• Option D: Completely connected and influenced by its external environment. This option is correct because it describes an open system. An open system is a system that is affected by its environment and that is connected to its surroundings.