Liquid vegetable oils are typically unsaturated fats, meaning they contain carbon-carbon double bonds. To convert these liquid oils into solid or semi-solid fats like margarine, hydrogen gas is added across the double bonds in the presence of a catalyst (usually nickel, palladium, or platinum). This process is called hydrogenation.
Liquid vegetable oils are converted to solid margarine by the use of
Asked in UPSC NDA 2 2022 · Topic: Organic Chemistry (Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Nomenclature, preparation, reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, benzene and its derivatives; concept of aromaticity.)
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