The correct answer is D. all of the above.
Neo-classical theory of organization is a management theory that emphasizes the importance of human resources and the need to create a positive work environment. It is characterized by decentralization, non-formal organization, and human oriented management.
Decentralization is the delegation of authority and responsibility to lower levels of the organization. This allows employees to have more autonomy and control over their work, which can lead to increased motivation and productivity.
Non-formal organization is the informal structure of an organization that exists alongside the formal hierarchy. It includes the relationships between employees, the norms and values of the organization, and the informal channels of communication. The non-formal organization can be a powerful force in shaping the behavior of employees and the overall culture of the organization.
Human oriented management is a style of management that emphasizes the importance of employees and their well-being. It focuses on creating a positive work environment where employees feel valued and respected. Human oriented management can lead to increased employee satisfaction, motivation, and productivity.
In conclusion, neo-classical theory of organization is characterized by decentralization, non-formal organization, and human oriented management. These characteristics are designed to create a positive work environment where employees feel valued and respected, which can lead to increased motivation, productivity, and overall organizational effectiveness.
