Isobars are nuclides that have the same mass number (A) but different atomic numbers (Z). The notation ${ }_{Z}^{A} X$ or ${ }_{Z} X^{A} $ represents an element X with atomic number Z and mass number A.The given nuclei are: 1. ${ } _{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na}$: This notation suggests Z=12 and A=25 for Sodium (Na). However, Sodium's atomic number is 11. For consistency in interpretation, we will use the given numbers. So, Z=12, A=25. 2. ${ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg} $: Magnesium (Mg) has Z=12. The notation confirms Z=12 and A=24. 3. ${ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na}$: Sodium (Na) has Z=11. The notation confirms Z=11 and A=24.Let's examine the provided options for pairs of isobars (same mass number, different atomic number):- Option A: $ { }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}$ and ${ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na}$. - ${ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}$: Mass number (A) = 24, Atomic number (Z) = 12. - ${ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na}$: Mass number (A) = 24, Atomic number (Z) = 11. Both have the same mass number (24) and different atomic numbers (12 and 11). Thus, they are isobars.- Option B: ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na}$ and ${ } _{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}$. - ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na}$: Mass number (A) = 25, Atomic number (Z) = 12. - ${ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg} $: Mass number (A) = 24, Atomic number (Z) =
Select the pairs of isobars from the following nuclei : ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na},{ }_{12} ^{24} \mathrm{Mg},{ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na} $ - ${ }_{12} \mathrm{Mg}^{24},{ }_{11} \mathrm{Na}^{24}$ - ${ }_{12} \mathrm{Na}^{23},{ } _{12} \mathrm{Mg}^{24}$ - ${ }_{12} \mathrm{Na}^{23},{ }_{11} \mathrm{Na}^{24}$
Asked in Co operative Supervisor & Environment Supervisor (Group C) Exam 2023 · Topic: Nuclear Physics (Basic properties of nuclei: size, shape, charge, mass, spin, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments.)
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Answer: A. ${ }_{12} \mathrm{Mg}^{24},{ }_{11} \mathrm{Na}^{24}$
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- Both have the same atomic number (12) but different mass numbers (25 and 24). These would be isotopes of an element with Z=12. They are not isobars.- Option C: ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na}$ and ${ }_{11}^{24} \mathrm{Na} $. - ${ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Na}$: Mass number (A) = 25, Atomic number (Z) = 12. - ${ }_{11} ^{24} \mathrm{Na}$: Mass number (A) = 24, Atomic number (Z) = 11. They have different mass numbers and different atomic numbers. They are neither isobars nor isotopes.Therefore, option A correctly identifies a pair of isobars. 35. The ratio of momenta of an electron and an $\alpha$-particle which are accelerated from the rest by a potential difference of 100 volt is (m$_e$ – mass of electron, m$_\alpha$ – mass of $\alpha$-particle)
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