- Chartism was a significant working-class movement in Britain from 1838 to 1848, advocating for the People's Charter, which demanded political reforms like universal male suffrage, secret ballot, and annual parliaments. - The trade union movement faced challenges and setbacks in the early 19th century, including legal restrictions (like the Combination Acts until 1824/25) and failed general strikes (like the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union in 1834). However, it did not simply "decline" by the 1830s or entirely fail the working class; it continued in various forms and saw periods of growth and influence later in the century. Chartism itself emerged partly because existing political and economic structures, including the effectiveness of trade unions at that specific juncture, were deemed insufficient by many workers.
Statement I : Chartism was the political reform campaign for democratic rights which swept over Britain between 1838 and 1848. Statement II : The trade union move ment declined by the 1830s as it failed to fulfil the aspirations of the working class.
Asked in UPSC NDA 2 2016 · Topic: Major World Leaders and Movements in Modern History (Major figures of 19th-century revolutionary and socialist movements)
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Answer: C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
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