ARP's core purpose is the translation of an IP address to a MAC address within a local network. - It does not find IP addresses from DNS (that's DNS's job). - It does not specifically find the IP address of the default gateway (although the gateway has an IP and MAC, ARP is for any host on the local segment). - It is the reverse of finding an IP address from a MAC address (which is what RARP - Reverse Address Resolution Protocol - or BOOTP/DHCP do).