The concept of separation between politics and public administration was first propounded by

Woodrow Wilson, in his 1887 essay "The Study of Administration," is widely credited with advocating for a politics-administration dichotomy. He argued that administration is a field of business, separate from politics. The political part is concerned with policy formulation (what policies should be adopted), while the administrative part is concerned with policy implementation (how these policies can be carried out efficiently and effectively).