The correct answer is C. distinguish.
The most common type of color blindness is red-green color blindness, which is the inability to distinguish between red and green. This is caused by a defect in the cones, which are the cells in the retina that are responsible for color vision. There are three types of cones, each of which is sensitive to a different range of wavelengths of light. People with red-green color blindness have cones that are not sensitive to either red or green light, so they cannot see the difference between these two colors.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the ability to distinguish between red and green. Option A, prove, means to establish the truth of something. Option B, detect, means to find or discover something. Option D, extract, means to remove something from something else.
