- Resistivity (symbol ρ) is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly it resists electrical current flow. - It is defined independently of the dimensions (length, cross- sectional area) or shape of the specific object made from the material. - The resistance (R) of a specific wire is related to its resistivity, length (L), and cross-sectional area (A) by the formula R = ρ(L/A). Here, R depends on the dimensions (L, A) and the material (ρ), but ρ itself only depends on the material (and temperature).