TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is designed to provide reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of bytes between applications running on hosts communicating over an IP network. Congestion control is a crucial mechanism within TCP. When TCP detects congestion in the network (e.g., through packet loss, increased round- trip times), its primary response is to reduce its sending rate. This is done to alleviate the congestion and prevent further packet loss.Common TCP congestion control algorithms like Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and Fast Recovery are all designed to dynamically adjust the sending rate based on network conditions.