- The Tolkappiyam (]தால்காப்பியம்) is the most ancient extant work of Tamil literature. - It is considered the foundational text of Tamil grammar. - The text is divided into three parts: Ezhuttatikaram (orthography), Sollatikaram (morphology and syntax), and Porulatikaram (poetics and the conventions of Tamil life and literature). - It provides detailed rules for Tamil phonology, morphology, and syntax, and also discusses aspects of literary form and content.