Phosphorus is in Group 15 (VA). In compounds like PH₃ or PCl₃, phosphorus has a valency of 3, using its three unpaired p-electrons for bonding. Due to the presence of vacant d-orbitals, phosphorus can expand its valence shell and form five covalent bonds, as seen in compounds like PCl₅ or P₂O₅, where its valency is 5.
The valency of phosphorus is
Asked in UPSC CDS 2 2020 · Topic: Non-metals (Phosphorus: Allotropes (White, Red, Black), preparation, properties, and compounds (Phosphoric Acid, Phosphine))
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