- The Constitution of India divides legislative powers between the Union and the States through three lists provided in the Seventh Schedule: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. - Subjects of national importance like Defence, External Affairs, Railways, Post and Telegraph, Currency, and Citizenship (which includes matters related to passports) are in the Union List. - Subjects of local and state importance like Police, Public Health, Sanitation, Agriculture, and Prisons are in the State List. - Subjects on which both the Union and States can legislate are in the Concurrent List (e.g., Education, Forests, Criminal Law).