The development of recombinant DNA technology revolutionized the production of therapeutic proteins. Human insulin was one of the earliest and most significant products of this technology. Before recombinant production, insulin for treating diabetes was extracted from the pancreases of animals like pigs and cows. The first genetically engineered human insulin, known as "Humulin," was developed by Genentech and licensed to Eli Lilly and Company, receiving FDA approval in