Acid rain is corrosive and can damage buildings made of materials like limestone (calcium carbonate) through chemical reaction. Burning fossil fuels containing sulfur, such as coal, releases sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is a major precursor to acid rain. Eutrophication is the process of excessive nutrient enrichment in a water body, often caused by pollution (e.g., nutrient runoff), leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion; it is a type of pollution, not a method to control it.