Which one is/are the outcomes of the modem management theory?

The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Modern management theory is based on the idea that an organization is a system, and that the different parts of the system are interdependent. This means that changes in one part of the system can have a ripple effect on other parts of the system.

In order for an organization to be successful, it is important to ensure that the different parts of the system are working together in a coordinated way. This can be done by creating links between the different subsystems and by ensuring that the subsystems are interdependent.

A system is made up of certain strategic elements, such as goals, objectives, strategies, and policies. These elements need to be aligned with each other in order for the system to function effectively.

Modern management theory is a complex and ever-evolving field. However, the basic principles of the theory are relatively simple. By understanding these principles, managers can create more effective organizations.

Here is a more detailed explanation of each option:

• Option A: There should be links between sub-systems in an organisation. This is a key principle of modern management theory. The different parts of an organization need to be connected in order for the organization to function effectively.
• Option B: These sub-systems are interdependent. This means that changes in one part of the system can have a ripple effect on other parts of the system. For example, if a company changes its marketing strategy, this could have an impact on its production, sales, and customer service departments.
• Option C: A system is made-up of certain strategic elements. These elements include goals, objectives, strategies, and policies. These elements need to be aligned with each other in order for the system to function effectively. For example, a company's goals need to be aligned with its objectives, which need to be aligned with its strategies, which need to be aligned with its policies.

I hope this explanation is helpful. Please let me know if you have any other questions.