An emerging infectious disease is an infectious disease whose incidence has increased in humans in the past 25 years or threatens to increase in the near future. Ebola virus disease is considered a classic example of an emerging infectious disease. While first identified in 1976, major outbreaks in the 21st century, geographical spread, and severity have highlighted it as a significant emerging threat. Malaria is an old, well-established disease. Cancer and heart disease are non-infectious diseases.