The correct answer is: B. Henry Fayol

Henry Fayol was a French mining engineer and director of mines who developed a general theory of business administration that is often called Fayolism. He is widely considered to be the father of modern management theory.

Fayol's theory of administration is based on the following 14 principles:

  1. Division of work: Work should be divided into specialized tasks so that each worker can focus on a specific area of expertise.
  2. Authority and responsibility: Authority should be commensurate with responsibility.
  3. Discipline: Employees must obey orders and respect authority.
  4. Unity of command: Each employee should receive orders from only one superior.
  5. Unity of direction: All activities with the same objective should be coordinated under one head and pursued according to a single plan.
  6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest: The interests of the organization should take precedence over the interests of any individual.
  7. Remuneration: Employees should be paid fairly for their work.
  8. Centralization: The degree of centralization should be appropriate for the size and complexity of the organization.
  9. Scalar chain: The line of authority should run from the top to the bottom of the organization in a clear and unbroken line.
  10. Order: There should be a place for everything and everything in its place.
  11. Equity: Employees should be treated fairly and with consideration.
  12. Stability of tenure of personnel: Personnel should be kept in their jobs as long as they are performing well.
  13. Initiative: Employees should be encouraged to take initiative and be creative.
  14. Esprit de corps: A spirit of unity and cooperation should be fostered among employees.

Fayol's theory of administration has been widely influential and is still used by many businesses today. It is a valuable tool for understanding the basic principles of management and for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations.

The other options are incorrect because:

  • FW Taylor was an American engineer who developed the scientific management approach to management.
  • PF Drucker was an Austrian-born American economist and management consultant who is considered one of the most influential thinkers in the field of management.
  • Koontz O'Donnell was a team of American management theorists who developed a comprehensive theory of management.