Statement 1 is incorrect. While the Ryotwari system involved direct settlement with the cultivator (ryot), it often fixed high revenue demands, and exemptions or reductions during bad harvests were not guaranteed and depended on administrative discretion, often leading to hardship. Statement 2 is correct. The Permanent Settlement introduced by Cornwallis in Bengal included a strict 'Sunset Clause'. If the Zamindar failed to pay the fixed revenue by the specified date (sunset of the last day of payment), his Zamindari rights were forfeited, and the estate was auctioned off.
With reference to revenue collection by Cornwallis, consider the following statements : 1. Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue collection, the peasants were exempted from revenue payment in case of bad harvests or natural calamities. 2. Under the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to the state, on or before the fixed date, he would be removed from his Zamindari. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Asked in UPSC IAS 2024 · Topic: Economic Impact of British Rule on India (Impact of Land Revenue Systems (Permanent Settlement, Ryotwari, Mahalwari))
More Modern History of India questions
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