Internet, Intranet, and Extranet is part of Information and Communication Technology. Below are notes on 70 sub-topics, followed by practice MCQs from State PSC and UPSC papers.
Comparative Analysis: Distinctions and Inter-relationships between Internet, Intranet, and Extranet
- Internet: Global, public network; accessible worldwide; uses standard protocols (TCP/IP).
- Internet Applications: Include video conferencing, email, browsing the World Wide Web, e-commerce, online banking, file sharing.
- Intranet: A private network within an organization; uses Internet protocols (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP); access restricted to authorized employees.
- Intranet Purpose: Internal communication, data sharing, collaboration within an organization. It is a network type, not an application of the Internet.
- Extranet: An extension of an Intranet that allows secure, controlled access to specific external users (e.g., customers, suppliers, partners) over the Internet.
- Extranet Purpose: Secure collaboration with external entities, supply chain management, limited access to internal resources.
- Key Distinction: Internet is public and global; Intranet is private and internal; Extranet is
- Super High Frequency (SHF) band, particularly used in radar and satellite communication, has a wavelength of 1 cm – 10 cm.
- In satellite communication, the uplink frequency is always greater than the downlink frequency.
- TV programmes can be transmitted worldwide with the help of geostationary satellites, which utilize space wave propagation (microwaves).
- Infrared Waves:
- Infrared waves are used in telecommunication and require devices to be in a direct line of sight (LOS) with each other.
- TV remote controls use infrared frequency.
- Electromagnetic Waves:
- Remote Sensing applications utilize electromagnetic waves.
private but extends securely to select external parties. All three utilize similar internet technologies/protocols.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Organization that provides individuals and organizations with access to the Internet.
ISP (Examples in India)
VSNL, BSNL, Airtel, Jio.
Common Internet Connection Types
Dial-up, Wi-Fi, Broadband (DSL, Cable, Fiber), Satellite. Note: "Radio" is a transmission medium, not a distinct internet connection type in this context.
Networking Devices
Components that connect computers or other electronic devices to form a network. Examples include Routers, Switches, Bridges. Traffic analyzers are monitoring tools, not core networking devices.
Router
A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Connects two or more different networks.
Switch
A networking device that connects devices within a Local Area Network (LAN) and intelligently forwards data frames to specific destination devices.
Bridge
A networking device that connects two separate Local Area Networks (LANs) or two segments of the same LAN, allowing them to communicate.
Local Area Network (LAN)
A network that covers a small geographical area, such as a home, office, or factory building.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A network that extends over a large geographical area, connecting cities, countries, or continents. The Internet is the largest WAN.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
A network larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, typically covering a city or a large campus.
Personal Area Network (PAN)
A network connecting devices within a very short range, usually around an individual person (e.g., Bluetooth connections for headphones).
Distributed System
A collection of various computers that appears as a single coherent system to its clients.
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers (ICANN)
An organization responsible for setting standards and naming rules for the internet, including managing IP address allocation, domain name system (DNS) management, and protocol parameters.
The Internet Society (ISOC)
An organization dedicated to ensuring the open development, evolution, and use of the Internet. It is associated with the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which develops Internet standards (RFCs).
Internet
- Internet: Global system of interconnected computer networks; also known as "Information Highway" or "The Net".
- World Wide Web (WWW): An information system accessible via the Internet, consisting of interconnected documents and other web resources.
- WWW stands for World Wide Web.
- Tim Berners-Lee is credited as the inventor and "father" of the World Wide Web (WWW).
- The World Wide Web (WWW) was proposed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee.
- Archie (created in 1990) is considered the first search engine on the Internet.
relevance to these concepts
- Internet Global public network connecting computer systems.
Intranet
Private network using Internet protocols within an organization.
Extranet
Extension of an intranet to external users (e.g., partners, customers) with controlled access.
Web 1.0 (Static Web/Read-only)
Characterized by static pages, limited user interaction, information consumption.
Web 2.0 (Social Web/Read-write)
Emphasizes user-generated content, interactivity, collaboration, and social networking (e.g., blogs, wikis, social media platforms).
Web 3.0 (Semantic Web/Decentralized Web)
Focuses on intelligent applications, AI, machine learning, data-driven systems, decentralization, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Hypertext
Non-linear organization of text, allowing users to navigate between related pieces of information via links.
Hypermedia
Extends hypertext to include non-linear linking of text, images, audio, video, and other multimedia elements. (Information is not represented in a linear fashion).
Surface Web
The portion of the World Wide Web that is indexed by standard web search engines and publicly accessible.
Deep Web
The part of the World Wide Web whose content is not indexed by standard web search engines and thus not searchable through them. It is not exclusively for security or financial agencies.
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
A process to increase the visibility of a website or a web page in a web search engine's unpaid results. It is crucial for users to find websites and is a major source of website traffic, justifying investment in the website.
Blockchain
A decentralized digital ledger system consisting of records called blocks. It is managed autonomously using a peer-to-peer network and a distributed timestamping server. It has been described as a value-exchange protocol. (It is not centralized).
Intranet: Definition, Features, Advantages, and Organizational Applications
- Definition: A private computer network accessible only to an organization's staff, typically using Internet protocols like TCP/ IP. It is confined to a single organization.
- Scope: Exclusive to internal users; not accessible to the general public without specific authorization.
- Underlying Network: Often built upon and operates within an organization's existing network infrastructure, such as a Local Area Network (LAN), which typically connects devices within a building or small campus.
- Key Technologies: Utilizes standard Internet protocols (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP) and web technologies (web browsers, web servers) for internal communication and data access.
- Features:
Security
Protected by firewalls and other security measures to safeguard internal data and systems.
Information Sharing
Facilitates easy dissemination of company news, policies, procedures, and resources among employees.
Collaboration Tools
Supports internal communication and team collaboration through features like forums, wikis, and instant messaging.
Centralized Access
Provides a single point of access to internal applications, databases, and services.
Data Sharing
Enables LAN users to share data and files, often facilitated by a File Server, enhancing resource utilization.
- Advantages:
- Improved internal communication and information flow within the organization.
- Enhanced employee collaboration and productivity.
- Cost-effective distribution of company information (e.g., training manuals, HR policies).
- Streamlined business processes and easier access to internal applications.
- Organizational Applications:
- Employee directories and HR information systems.
- Company announcements, news feeds, and event calendars.
- Document management systems for sharing project files, reports, and templates.
- Access to internal databases and knowledge bases.
- Project management tools and task tracking systems.
- Internal help desks and support services.
Key Internet Services and Applications (e.g., WWW, Email, VoIP, Cloud Computing)
- World Wide Web (WWW): Collection of linked information residing on computers, available through the Internet.
- WWW Full Form: World Wide Web.
- W3C: World Wide Web Consortium (establishes standards for the WWW).
- Portal: A website offering diverse services like search, e-mail, news, stock prices, weather, sports, and entertainment from a single point.
- Telnet: An Internet utility allowing users to log on to remote computer systems.
- Archie: The first search engine on the internet (introduced in 1990).
- Search Engine Operations: Crawling → Indexing → Searching.
- Examples of Internet Services/Applications:
- Search Engine: Bing, Google
- E-commerce Website: Flipkart
- Social Media Network: Facebook
- Web Browser: Google Chrome
- Email Service: Gmail
- Website Domain Types:
- `.ac.in`: Designates academic institutions in India (e.g., www.ignou.ac.in, www.ugc.ac.in).
- `.org.in`: Designates organizations in India (can be non-academic, e.g., www.finance.org.in).
Underlying
Network
Protocols
and
Technologies (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP/HTTPS,
FTP, DNS)
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
Fundamental suite of protocols defining data transmission across the internet.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Core protocol for the World Wide Web (WWW), used for transmitting hypertext documents (web pages).
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
Secure version of HTTP, ensuring encrypted and authenticated communication over a computer network, typically using SSL/TLS. Used for secure web browsing.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
Protocol used for transferring files between a client and server on a computer network.
DNS (Domain Name System)
An internet service and a distributed database that translates human-readable domain names (e.g., example.com) into machine-readable IP
IP Address (Internet Protocol Address)
A unique numerical (or alphanumeric for IPv6) label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. Identifies a device on the Internet.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
A specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that provides a means of locating a resource on the internet and the protocol for retrieving it (e.g., `http://example.com/ page.html`).
URI (Uniform Resource Identifier)
A compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource. URL is a type of URI.
TELNET
A network protocol enabling a user to establish a command-line connection to a remote system, making the local terminal appear as a terminal at the remote system.
Top-Level Domain (TLD)
The last segment of a domain name (e.g., `.com`, `.org`, `.net`, `.in`). In `Hindime.com`, `.com` is the TLD.
- The United States of America often uses generic TLDs (like `.com`, `.org`, `.net`) and is commonly cited as not having a mandatory explicit country-code TLD suffix for many of its domains.
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A standard for connection interfaces for peripherals; it is not a core internet network protocol.
Web Browser
- Web Browser Software that enables internet users to view (read and render) web pages.
Examples of Web Browsers
Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge (formerly Internet Explorer), Opera, Vivaldi, Safari, Mosaic, Netscape Navigator, WWW (WorldWideWeb).
Not Web Browsers
Google Apps, DuckDuckGo (a search engine), Microsoft Excel, Yahoo (a search engine/web portal), LINUX (an operating system), Facebook (a social media platform), MS-Word, Google Drive (cloud storage), Server, Head Tag.
WorldWideWeb (later renamed Nexus) by Tim Berners-Lee (1990) was the very first web browser.
- Mosaic (1993) was the first widely popular graphical web browser.
- Home Page The first page displayed by a web browser after opening a website.
Temporary Internet Files/Browser Cache
A folder/mechanism that stores recently viewed web page content for faster access on subsequent visits.
Browser History
A feature that tracks and lists the URLs of web pages a user has visited.
Certificate Error
An alert displayed by a browser when it fails to load a secure website (HTTPS) due to an invalid, expired, or untrusted SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
The standard markup language used to create and structure web pages and their content.
`target="_blank"`
An attribute in HTML `` (anchor) tags that instructs the browser to open the linked document in a new browser window or tab.
Cookies
Small pieces of text data sent by a website to a user's browser, which are then stored on the user's computer.
Purpose
To remember client visits, store user preferences, manage session data, make revisits easier, and improve user experience.
Characteristics
Non-malicious; travel between the browser and the web server.
Not
Malicious computer viruses, malware, adware, or spyware.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
The specific address associated with every web page or resource on the internet.
HTTP Status Code 404 (Not Found)
An error code returned by a web server when the requested web page or resource cannot be found on the server.
Breadcrumbs
A navigational aid within a website that indicates the user's current location relative to the website's hierarchy (e.g., Home > Category > Current Page).
CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
A standard method for web servers to execute external programs (scripts) to generate dynamic web pages or process user input. Used for creating dynamic documents.
MySQL
A popular open-source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS).
Apache
A widely used open-source web server software.
Perl
A high-level, general-purpose scripting programming language.
API (Application Programming Interface)
A set of rules and protocols for building and interacting with software applications, defining how software components should communicate.
Practice MCQs: Internet, Intranet, and Extranet
Comparative Analysis: Distinctions and Inter-relationships between Internet, Intranet, and Extranet
WiMAX technology is based on ____ IEEE ______ standard.
Asked in: Mining officer Exam 2023 · Regional Inspector (Technical) Exam 2022
- 801.12
- 802.16
- 803.12
- 805.16
Show answer
Answer: B. 802.16
WiMAX is a wireless broadband technology that provides high-speed internet access over a wide area, similar to cellular networks. It is standardized by the IEEE. Ans: C The internet provides a vast array of services and applications that facilitate communication, information access, and online transactions. An intranet is a restricted network within an organization, often used for internal communication and resource sharing.
Core Components and Architecture of the Internet (e.g., ISPs, Routers, Protocols)
Which of the following organizations set the standards and naming rules to be adopted on the internet ? A. The Internet Society B. International Organization for Internet Standards (IOIS) C. American Association for Internet Protocols D. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names & Numbers (ICANN)
Asked in: TSPSC Group 1 Prelims 2022
- A, C & D only
- A, B & C only
- B & D only
- A & D only
Show answer
Answer: D. A & D only
ICANN manages internet naming and numbering resources (like domain names and IP addresses). ISOC supports and promotes internet standards development (through IETF).
Which of the following most accurately defines a Local Area Network (LAN) ? - (1) A network that covers a large geographical area, such as a city - (2) A network that operates within a single building like a home, office or factory - (3) A network used to connect multiple cities - (4) A network that connects devices over a global scale - (5) Question not attempted
Asked in: Asst. Fisheries Development Officer 2024
- Option text
- Option text
- Option text
- Option text
Show answer
Answer: B. Option text
LANs are characterized by their small scale, high data transfer rates, and the fact that they are typically privately owned and managed. Examples include networks in homes, schools, and small businesses.
Q96: A network of communicating devices crossing the limits of country or continent is termed - संचार ुǔÈतों का एक पǐरपथ जो एक देश अथवा महाद्वीप की सीमाओं को पार करता है, कहलिाता है - - एम ए एनि (MAN) - पी ए नि (PAN) - एलि ए नि (LAN) - डब्लिू ए नि (WAN)
Asked in: Asstt. Jailor 2013
- MAN
- PAN
- LAN
- WAN
Show answer
Answer: D. WAN
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that extends over a large geographic area, such as across cities, regions, or even continents. It is typically used to connect multiple Local Area Networks (LANs) or Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs).
When a collection of various computers appears as a single coherent system to its clients, what is this called?
Asked in: JUNIOR laboratory assistant 2025
- Networking system
- Computer network
- Distributed system
- More than one of the above
Show answer
Answer: C. Distributed system
A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to its users as a single coherent system. The key is that the distribution of work and data across these machines is hidden from the end-user.
LAN stands for
Asked in: Group B Exam 2012
- Long Area Network
- Local Area Network
- Living Area Network
- Live Access Network
Show answer
Answer: B. Local Area Network
This question tests knowledge of networking terminology and acronyms. LAN is a fundamental concept in computer networking.
Identify which is not a networking device.
Asked in: Rakshak 2023
- Switch
- Traffic analyzer
- Bridge
- Router
Show answer
Answer: B. Traffic analyzer
Switches, bridges, and routers are networking devices that manage and direct data flow, whereas a traffic analyzer is a tool for observing and interpreting that flow.
The term ISP stands for
Asked in: ro aro 2024
- Information System Protocol
- Internet System Protocol
- Internet Service Provider
- Information Service Provider
Show answer
Answer: C. Internet Service Provider
ISP is a fundamental term in understanding how users connect to the internet.
Q.No: 150 Which of the following is internet service provider in india?
Asked in: AR 2018
- VSNL
- BSNL
- Airtel
- All of these
Show answer
Answer: D. All of these
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are companies that provide individuals and organizations access to the internet. In India, several government and private companies offer these services.
Which of the following is not a type of Internet connection ?
Asked in: Assistant Director Gramodhyog (Handloom) Exam 2023
- Dial-up
- Wi-Fi
- Radio
- Broadband
Show answer
Answer: C. Radio
Dial-up, Wi-Fi, and Broadband are established types of internet connections. 'Radio' is not a standard classification for an internet connection type.
ISP stands for
Asked in: State Forest Service Main Examination 2019
- India System Protocol
- Internet Service Provider
- International Subscriber Protocol
- Integrated Satellite Page
Show answer
Answer: B. Internet Service Provider
Internet Service Provider is the standard and widely accepted meaning of the acronym ISP in the context of telecommunications and computing.
Definition, History, and Global Reach of the Internet
Who is the inventor of www?
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2017
- Bill Gates
- Tim Berners-Lee
- Timothy Bil
- Ray Tomlinson
Show answer
Answer: B. Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee invented the WWW while working at CERN in 1989. He developed the key technologies: URL (Uniform Resource Locator), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and HTML (Hypertext Markup Language).
Who invented World Wide Web?
Asked in: Headmaster (Secondary School) 2018
- Tim Berners Lee
- Sir Thomas
- Charles Babbage
- None of these
Show answer
Answer: A. Tim Berners Lee
Tim Berners-Lee is credited with the invention of the World Wide Web.
What do you mean by WWW in reference to library internet service ?
Asked in: Librarian Grade II 2019
- (1) World Wide Web
- (2) World Wide Work
- (3) World Wide World
- (4) World Wide Word
Show answer
Answer: A. (1) World Wide Web
WWW stands for World Wide Web.
Which of the following was the first search engine in the Internet?
Asked in: ARO GS 252022 74 2024
- Archie
- Altavista
- WAIS
Show answer
Answer: B. Archie
Archie is recognized as the first internet search engine, predating more commonly known engines like Google, Altavista, and WAIS.
Who is known as father of World Wide Web ?
Asked in: Deputy Superintendent of Police (Police Telecom) Exam 2024
- Edward Kasmer
- Bill Gates
- Tim Berners-Lee
- Vinod Dham
Show answer
Answer: C. Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee's contributions laid the foundation for the internet as we know it today, by creating the protocols and technologies for the World Wide Web.
Which invention is attributed to Tim Berners-Lee ?
Asked in: State Election Commission Review Officer Examination 2024
- The Computer Mouse
- The World Wide Web
- The Internet
- The Digital Camera
Show answer
Answer: B. The World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee is credited with inventing the World Wide Web.
Information highway or net is
Asked in: Uttarakhand Special Subordinate Education 2009
- Computer
- Internet
- Intranet
- Key-board
Show answer
Answer: B. Internet
The metaphor "Information highway" or "net" is commonly used to describe the Internet, which facilitates the rapid and widespread exchange of information globally.
World Wide Web (WWW) started in which year ?
Asked in: AM QP 2021
- 1989
- 1991
- 1993
- 1995
Show answer
Answer: A. 1989
The World Wide Web (WWW) was conceived in 1989.
Who invented the World Wide Web?
Asked in: Assistant Director (Technical) Exam 2024
- Bill Gates
- Steve Jobs
- Larry Page
- Tim Berners-Lee
Show answer
Answer: D. Tim Berners-Lee
Tim Berners-Lee is credited with the invention of the World Wide Web.
WWW was started in which year ?
Asked in: Shakha Adhikari Sampada Prabandhak Examination 2021
- 1984
- 1989
- 1993
- 1996
Show answer
Answer: B. 1989
The World Wide Web (WWW) was started in the year 1989. relevance to these concepts
Which of the following statements is/are true about blockchain? (a) A blockchain is a centralized digital ledger consisting of records called blocks. (b) A blockchain database is managed autonomously using a peer-to-peer network and a distributed timestamping server. (c) A blockchain has been described as a value-exchange protocol. Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Asked in: KPSC KAS Prelims 2024
- (a) and (b) only
- (b) and (c) only
- (a) only
- (a), (b) and (c)
Show answer
Answer: B. (b) and (c) only
Blockchain is a distributed, decentralized ledger technology that records transactions across many computers, making it difficult to alter the records retrospectively. It operates on a peer-to-peer network and uses cryptographic principles.
Which of the following best describes ‘Search Engine Optimization’ (SEO) ?
Asked in: Chief Fire Officer Exam 2021
- It increases the visibility of a website
- It is like CEO
- It reduces the size of website
- All of the above are correct
Show answer
Answer: A. It increases the visibility of a website
SEO is a digital marketing strategy focused on improving a website's organic search engine rankings.
Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below: I. The surface web is that part of the world wide web searchable with standard web engines. II. Deep web is that part of the web not indexed by web search engines. III. Deep web is that part of the web searchable only by the security agencies of a country. IV. Deep web is that part of the web searchable only by the financial institutions of a country. Codes:
Asked in: JrInfoPR 19 2023 2912 2023
- I only
- I and II
- II only
- III and IV
Show answer
Answer: B. I and II
The surface web is indexed by search engines, while the deep web is not. The deep web is not exclusively accessible by government or financial entities but includes any content not indexed by standard search engines.
What is the need to have search engine optimization? - (i) Website to be found by the user - (ii) Search engine is the major source of website traffic - (iii) To justify the expenditure on the website Select the correct answer.
Asked in: Lib Arch Off GS InfoSc 13 2021 0102 2024
- None of the above is true
- (i), (ii) and (iii)
- (i) and (ii)
- (i) and (iii)
Show answer
Answer: B. (i), (ii) and (iii)
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is essential for increasing a website's visibility, driving organic traffic from search engines, and ultimately demonstrating the return on investment for website development and marketing efforts.
Intranet: Definition, Features, Advantages, and Organizational Applications
Identify among the following servers which allow LAN users to share data :
Asked in: Rakshak 2023
- Communication server
- Point server
- Data server
- File server
Show answer
Answer: D. File server
A file server is a central repository for files, enabling LAN users to share data and resources.
_______ is a private network, which is confined to a single organization only.
Asked in: ro aro 2024
- Internet
- Intranet
- Intraned
- None of the above
Show answer
Answer: B. Intranet
An Intranet is a private, internal network used by an organization. The Internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks.
A Local Area Network (LAN) typically connects devices within a
Asked in: GS CompOp 07 2024 1009 2024
- country or large region
- global Internet infrastructure
- city or metropolitan area
- building or small campus
Show answer
Answer: D. building or small campus
LAN connects devices within a limited geographical area like a building or small campus.
Key Internet Services and Applications (e.g., WWW, Email, VoIP, Cloud Computing)
The collection of linked information residing on computers which is available through Internet is called
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2018
- Web Server
- Web Store
- World Wide Web
- Web Information
Show answer
Answer: C. World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW) is the primary means of accessing information over the Internet. It is not the Internet itself but an application layer built on top of the Internet.
______ offers services such as search capabilities, e-mail, news, stock price, weather information, sports and entertainment.
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2018
- Hostel
- Portal
- Article
- Newspaper
Show answer
Answer: B. Portal
A Portal aggregates diverse online services and information in one place.
An Internet utility that lets one log on to remote computer systems is known as
Asked in: UPSC CISF AC EXE 2017
- Usenet
- Telnet
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- Remote Net
Show answer
Answer: B. Telnet
Telnet is an internet protocol and utility that provides a command-line interface for communicating with a remote server. It allows a user to log in to a remote computer system and execute commands as if they were directly connected to it.
The full form of www is
Asked in: UPPCS Prelims 2015
- Web Working Window
- Window World Wide
- World Wide Web
- World Working Web
Show answer
Answer: C. World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.
Which one of the following is the correct form of www ?
Asked in: UPPSC Upper Mains 2010
- Window World Wide
- Web Working Window
- World Working Web
- World Wide Web
Show answer
Answer: D. World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (WWW) is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext, and can be accessed via the Internet.
In the field of Internet, W3C stands for :
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2024
- World Wide Web Content
- World Wide Web Commission
- World Wide Web Centre
- World Wide Web Consortium
Show answer
Answer: D. World Wide Web Consortium
W3C is an international community that develops open standards for the World Wide Web to ensure its long-term growth.
Which one is the first search engine in internet?
Asked in: WBCS Main Paper 4 2019
- Archie
- Altavista
- WAIS
Show answer
Answer: B. Archie
Archie, created in 1990, is widely considered the first search engine for the Internet. It indexed File Transfer Protocol (FTP) archives, allowing users to search for specific files. Unlike modern web search engines, it did not index web pages (as the World Wide Web was just emerging then).
Consider column 1 and column 2 - Column 1 1. Bing 2. Flipkart 3. Facebook 4. Google chrome 5. G-mail Match of column 1 and column 2 is - (1) 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b, 5-e (2) 1-c, 2- d, 3-a, 4-e, 5-b (3) 1-e, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, 5-d (4) 1-c, 2- e, 3-a, 4-d, 5-b
Asked in: Headmaster (Secondary School) 2018
- 1-d, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b, 5-e
- 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-e, 5-b
- 1-e, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, 5-d
- 1-c, 2-e, 3-a, 4-d, 5-b
Show answer
Answer: D. 1-c, 2-e, 3-a, 4-d, 5-b
The question requires matching items from Column 1 (specific services/products) to implied categories in Column 2, which are represented by letters a, b, c, d, e. The correct option reveals the intended mapping.
'www' on the internet stands for -
Asked in: Civil Judge (Junior Division) Exam 2009
- Words Words Words
- Wide Word Words
- World Wide Web
- When Where Why
Show answer
Answer: C. World Wide Web
This question is a basic test of common acronyms used in the field of information technology and the internet.
‘WWW’ stands for
Asked in: District Library and Information Officer(DLIO) 2018
- World Wide Web
- World Wide Wave
- World Wise Wave
- None of the above
Show answer
Answer: A. World Wide Web
The World Wide Web is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet. It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee.
Q.No: 139 Which of the following web site is not academic ? - A - B - C - D
Asked in: AR 2018
- www.ignou.ac.in
- www.finance.org.in
- www.ugc.ac.in
- None of these
Show answer
Answer: B. www.finance.org.in
Domain names often provide clues about the nature of a website. ".ac.in" is specifically for academic institutions in India.
What is the correct order of operations in a typical Web Search Engine?
Asked in: Assistant Director (Technical) Exam 2024
- Indexing → Searching → Crawling
- Crawling → Searching → Indexing
- Crawling → Indexing → Searching
- Searching → Indexing → Crawling
Show answer
Answer: C. Crawling → Indexing → Searching
The three fundamental stages of a search engine's operation are data acquisition (crawling), data organization (indexing), and data retrieval (searching).
Underlying Network Protocols and Technologies (e.g., TCP/IP, HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, DNS)
A database that contains the names and address of various hosts on internet is called
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2021
- Domain Name Service
- Domain Name System
- DNS File System
- None of the above
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Answer: B. Domain Name System
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It translates human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into the numerical IP addresses required for locating and identifying computer services and devices with the underlying network protocols. The system includes a distributed database of these mappings.
The set of protocols, which defines all transmission exchanges across the internet is called
Asked in: UKPSC CS Prelims 2016
- CSMA/CD
- TCP/IP
- FDDI
- None of the above
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Answer: B. TCP/IP
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the fundamental set of protocols that defines how devices communicate over the internet. It is a suite of protocols that governs data transmission, routing, and addressing.
What is the full form of URL ? - Question not attempted
Asked in: Asst. Fisheries Development Officer 2024
- Uniform Reference Link
- Universal Routing Language
- Uniform Resource Locator
- Universal Resource Line
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Answer: C. Uniform Resource Locator
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is a web address used to specify the location of a resource on the internet, such as a web page, image, or file.
What is the full form of FTP? (1) File Transmit Protocol (2) File Transport Protocol (3) File Transmission Protocol (4) File Transfer Protocol (5) Question not attempted
Asked in: Research Assistant (Evaluation Dept.) 2024
- File Transmit Protocol
- File Transport Protocol
- File Transmission Protocol
- File Transfer Protocol
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Answer: D. File Transfer Protocol
This question tests knowledge of common acronyms used in the field of Information Technology and networking.
A string of numbers used to identify a device on the Internet or web network is called
Asked in: ARO GS 252022 74 2024
- IoT
- IP Address
- IaaS
- VPN
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Answer: B. IP Address
An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It serves two main functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing.
Which of the following ensures secure browsing over the web?
Asked in: law officier 2025
- HTTP
- FTP
- HTTPS
- WWW
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Answer: C. HTTPS
HTTPS uses SSL/TLS protocols to create a secure, encrypted connection, making browsing safe by protecting sensitive information exchanged between the user and the website.
What is the full form of URI?
Asked in: District Library and Information Officer(DLIO) 2018
- Unified Resource Indicator
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- Unified Resource Internet
- None of the above
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Answer: B. Uniform Resource Identifier
A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string of characters used to identify a resource. URIs are a superset of URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and URNs (Uniform Resource Names). While URLs specify how to locate a resource, URIs are broader and can simply identify it.
Which of the following statements is/are not correct about DNS in internet service? - It refers to Domain Name System. - It refers to Digital Network System. - It is an internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. - It is a network protocol that is used to configure network devices to communicate on an IP network. Select the correct option using the codes given below.
Asked in: GK CDPO 33 2023 2709 2024
- (ii) only
- (i) and (iv)
- (i) and (iii)
- (ii) and (iv)
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Answer: D. (ii) and (iv)
DNS stands for Domain Name System and its primary function is to translate domain names into IP addresses. Digital Network System and its role in network device configuration are not the correct descriptions for DNS.
The full form of URL is :
Asked in: Rakshak 2023
- Uninterrupted Record Locator
- Uninterrupted Record Locator
- Uniform Record Locator
- Uniform Resource Locator
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Answer: D. Uniform Resource Locator
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator, which is the address used to identify and locate resources on the World Wide Web.
Which of the following is not a core protocol of the internet?
Asked in: GS CompOp 07 2024 1009 2024
- DNS (Domain Name System)
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
- USB (Universal Serial Bus)
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Answer: D. USB (Universal Serial Bus)
USB is a hardware interface, not a core internet protocol like DNS, TCP/IP, or HTTP.
Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below: I. In computer parlance, DNS means domain name system. II. In computer parlance, DNS means domain name server. III. DNS translates human-readable domain names to machine readable IP address. IV. Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented DNS in 1989. Codes:
Asked in: JrInfoPR 19 2023 2912 2023
- I and II only
- II and III only
- I and III only
- III and IV only
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Answer: C. I and III only
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. It serves as the "phonebook" of the Internet, enabling users to access websites and services using memorable domain names instead of complex IP addresses.
To access a web resource, conversion of the domain name of each web server to its corresponding IP address is done through- - A. DNS Srver - B. TCP Protocol - C. HTTP Protocol - D. IP Address
Asked in: Assistant Director (Horticulture) Exam 2023
- DNS Srver
- TCP Protocol
- HTTP Protocol
- IP Address
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Answer: A. DNS Srver
This question pertains to the fundamental workings of the internet and network protocols, specifically the resolution of domain names to IP addresses.
Which among the following is used for a secure website?
Asked in: Assistant Professor, Librarian and Sports Officer Examination 2024
- FTP
- WWW
- SMTP
- HTTPS
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Answer: D. HTTPS
HTTPS is the protocol that ensures secure connections for websites.
is an Internet address and a unique number that identifies a device connected to the Internet.
Asked in: Assistant Registrar Exam 2023
- DNS
- IP address
- PPP
- URL
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Answer: B. IP address
An IP address is a unique numerical identifier for devices on the internet.
Web Technologies and Standards (e.g., HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Web Browsers)
A packet of information that travels between a Browser and the Web server is known as
Asked in: APSC CCE Prelims Exam 2016
- Malware
- Adware
- Spyware
- Cookie
Show answer
Answer: D. Cookie
- A cookie (more formally known as an HTTP cookie) is a small piece of data that a server sends to a user's web browser. - The browser may store it and send it back with the next request to the same server. - Cookies are used to remember stateful information (such as items added in the shopping cart in an online store) or to record the user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, or recording which pages were visited in the past).
Consider the following statements: (i) In computer parlance, a cookie is a malicious computer virus. (ii) In computer parlance, a cookie is a small piece of text sent by a website to the internet browser. (iii) Internet cookies are used by banking websites only. (iv) Internet cookies help the websites to remember the client's visit to the website. Select the correct statement/statements using the codes given below.
Asked in: APSC CCE Prelims Exam 2023
- (i) only
- (ii) only
- (ii) and (iii) only
- (ii) and (iv) only
Show answer
Answer: D. (ii) and (iv) only
- Cookies are small text files. - They are sent by websites to browsers. - They are used by many types of websites, not just banking ones. - They help websites remember user information and visits.
Which of the following is not a Web browser?
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2017 · UPSC CISF AC EXE 2018
- Opera
- Google Apps
- Vivaldi
- Mozilla Firefox
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Answer: B. Google Apps
A web browser is software used to access and display web pages on the internet.
DuckDuckGo is a
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2017
- search engine
- Web browser
- virus
- news Web site
Show answer
Answer: A. search engine
A search engine is a software system that allows users to search the World Wide Web for information.
The first page displayed by Web browser after opening a Web site is called
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2018
- Home page
- Browser page
- Search page
- Bookmark
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Answer: A. Home page
The Home page is the default or introductory page of a website.
In HTML, which one of the following is used to open the linked document in a new browser window?
Asked in: UPSC CISF AC EXE 2024
- _self
- _link
- _blank
- _open
Show answer
Answer: C. _blank
- The `target` attribute determines the browsing context (window, tab, or frame) in which the linked document will be displayed. - Common values for the `target` attribute include `_self` (default), `_blank`, `_parent`, and `_top`.
Which of the following is *not* a web browser ?
Asked in: MPPSC CS Prelims 2023
- Internet Explorer
- Mozilla Firefox
- Google Chrome
- Yahoo
Show answer
Answer: D. Yahoo
Asstt. System Manager -2021 A web browser is the client software that fetches and displays web pages, while a search engine is a tool or service (typically accessed via a browser) that helps users find information on the web.
Which one of the following is a Web browser ?
Asked in: Assistant Conservator of Forest Exam 2019
- LINUX
- Mozilla Firefox
- None of these
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Answer: C. Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Firefox is a web browser. LINUX is an operating system, and Facebook is a social media platform.
Using which of the following, one can write a Webpage ?
Asked in: Assistant Conservator of Forest Exam 2019
- HTTP
- SMTP
- FTP
- HTML
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Answer: D. HTML
Web pages are built using a combination of markup languages (like HTML), scripting languages (like JavaScript), and styling languages (like CSS). These are then delivered to the user's browser via protocols like HTTP.
What is browser?
Asked in: Assistant Engineer (AE) Exam 2013
- Software to browse a source code
- Software to browse virus and malware
- Software that enables internet users to view a web page
- Software to provide operating system and se‐ curity
Show answer
Answer: C. Software that enables internet users to view a web page
A web browser's primary function is to retrieve and display web pages from the internet for users.
Which of the following is the first web browser?
Asked in: JUNIOR laboratory assistant 2025
- Nexus
- Netscape Navigator
- Internet Explorer
- More than one of the above
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Answer: A. Nexus
Nexus, also known as WorldWideWeb, is recognized as the first web browser.
A browser fails to load a secure website and displays a "certificate error." What does this most likely imply?
Asked in: law officier 2025
- The browser is outdated
- The website's SSL certificate is invalid or ex‐ pired
- The user's internet is slow
- JavaScript is not enabled
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Answer: B. The website's SSL certificate is invalid or ex‐ pired
A certificate error in a browser signifies a problem with the website's SSL/TLS certificate, which is responsible for secure communication.
Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below : (i) In internet parlance, cookies are small pieces of text sent to one's browser by the website one is visiting. (ii) In internet parlance, cookies are small pieces of text sent to one's browser by the website one is visiting. (iii) Cookies make one's revisit to the website easier and also improve user experience. (iv) Cookies are non-malicious in character. Codes :
Asked in: EI GS T&TR Transport Deptt 2702 2025
- (i), (ii) and (iv)
- (ii), (iii) and (iv)
- (ii) and (iii) only
- (ii) and (iv) only
Show answer
Answer: C. (ii) and (iii) only
Understand the definition, functionality, and implications of internet cookies. Differentiate between cookies and malware.
Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below : (i) In internet parlance, bread-crumbs mean such websites which have not been updated for last one year. (ii) In internet parlance, bread- crumbs mean such websites which have not been updated for last three years. (iii) In internet parlance, bread-crumbs are a navigational aid that states the current location of a user in a website. (iv) In internet parlance, there is no term called breadcrumbs. Codes : - (iii) and only
Asked in: EI GS T&TR Transport Deptt 2702 2025
- (i) only
- (i) and (ii) only
- (ii) and (iii) only
- All statements are correct
Show answer
Answer: C. (ii) and (iii) only
EI GS T&TR Transport Deptt 2702-2025 Breadcrumbs are a secondary navigation scheme that helps users keep track of their location in a website or application. They typically appear horizontally at the top of a page.