Statement 1 is correct. Kautilya's Arthashastra describes various ways a person could become a slave (dasa), including as a result of judicial punishment (e.g., for certain crimes), voluntary self- sale, or being captured in war. Statement 2 is correct. Arthashastra (Book III, Chapter XIII) explicitly states that if a female slave bore her master a son, both the mother and the child would gain emancipation (legally become free). Statement 3 is incorrect. While the son born to a female slave and fathered by her master gained freedom along with his mother, he was not automatically entitled to the full legal status of a son born to the master's free wife. Kautilya's text deals with different types of sons and inheritance rules, and a son by a slave woman had a distinct status, though he was not a slave.
According to Kautilya's Arthashastra, which of the following are correct ? 1. A person could be a slave as a result of a judicial punishment. 2. If a female slave bore her master a son, she was legally free. 3. If a son born to a female slave was fathered by her master, the son was entitled to the legal status of the master's son. Which of the statements given above are correct ?
Asked in UPSC IAS 2022 · Topic: Maurya Empire (Mauryan Socio-Economic Conditions (Agriculture, Trade, Urbanization, Society))
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