I. Chilla-e-Makus This term relates to the Sufi practice of forty-day seclusion (chilla) in a downward-facing posture, which is seen by some scholars as influenced by yogic practices or a syncretic approach that shows Hindu influence on certain Sufi practitioners. II. Tawakkul and Fakhr Tawakkul (reliance on God) and Fakhr (pride/glory) are core concepts within Sufism and Islamic mysticism, and their origin is debated, but they are not typically attributed to Christian influence. III. Ghazali Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058-1111 AD) was a highly influential theologian, jurist, and mystic who worked to reconcile Islamic orthodoxy with Sufism, arguing for the legitimacy of Sufi practices within the framework of Islamic law. His works, such as "The Revival of the Religious Sciences," aimed to establish harmony between exoteric and esoteric Islam.
Consider the following statements: I. Chilla-e-Makus indicates the influence of Hinduism on Sufi Practitioners. II. Tawakkul and Fakhr indicate the Christian influence on Sufi Practitioners. III. Ghazali established harmony between Islam and Sufism. Which of the following statements are correct? - (5) Question not attempted
Asked in Department Recruitment 2024 (Archivist) 2024 · Topic: Bhakti and Sufi Movement (Origins and Fundamental Doctrines of Sufism in India)
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