- Statement I: This statement accurately describes the role of the Ulema during the Delhi Sultanate period. Ulema were indeed scholars of Islamic law and theology who interpreted the Quran and Sharia. Sultans, to gain legitimacy and acceptance, often showed respect to Islamic institutions and granted patronage and positions to the Ulema. Building mosques and supporting religious causes were common practices. - Statement II: This statement is incorrect. While their primary domain was religious law and theology, the Ulema were far from having "no voice in political matters." They often played a significant role in advising the Sultan on matters of law, justice, and governance, as the state was expected to function according to Islamic principles. Senior Ulema held important positions like Chief Qazi (judge) and Sadr-us-Sudur (in charge of religious affairs and charities). Their support or opposition could significantly influence the Sultan's political standing. Some Ulema actively participated in court politics.