India's Domestic Legal Framework for Wildlife Conservation: Constitutional Provisions for Wildlife. 1. The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 : Forests and Protection of Wild Animals and Birds was transferred from State to Concurrent List. 2. Article 51A(b) of the Constitution states that it shall be the fundamental duty of every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment including forests and Wildlife. 3. Article 48(b) in the Directive Principles of State policy mandates that the State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?

- Statement 1 is correct. The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, enacted during the Emergency, shifted several subjects from the State List to the Concurrent List of the Constitution. Among these subjects were Forests and Protection of Wild Animals and Birds. This allowed both the Central and State governments to legislate on these matters. - Statement 2 is incorrect. While it is a fundamental duty of every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment, this duty is enshrined in Article 51A(g), not Article 51A(b). Article 51A(g) states: "to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures". Article 51A(b) is about cherishing and following noble ideals of the freedom struggle. - Statement 3 is incorrect. The Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP) that mandates the State to endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country is Article 48A (inserted by the 42nd Amendment), not Article 48(b). Article 48 deals with the organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry.