The first permanent English factory in India was established at Surat in 1613 after obtaining permission from the Mughal emperor Jahangir. Although the question specifies the year 1621, which is historically inaccurate for the very first permanent factory (1613 at Surat) or even the earlier temporary ones (e.g., 1611 at Masulipatnam), Surat was indeed the location of the English East India Company's initial major base on the west coast of India and is commonly referred to as their first factory. Given the options, Surat is the intended answer despite the likely error in the year mentioned in the question.