Extremist leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak employed Hindu festivals (Ganesh Chaturthi, Shivaji festival) and historical figures to mobilize the masses and instill national pride. While effective in fostering unity among Hindus, this approach based on Hindu revivalism and 'harping on the Hindu past' was perceived by many Muslims as exclusive or insensitive to their identity, making them less likely to join the movement enthusiastically.