Maharaja Duleep Singh was the youngest son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the founder of the Sikh Empire. He ascended the throne as a child after the death of his father and a period of instability. Following the defeat of the Sikh Empire in the Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848-1849), the British annexed Punjab, and Duleep Singh was deposed and exiled to England in 1849.