Bhatkal was a significant port town under the control of the Vijayanagara Empire during the early 16th century. Krishnadevaraya, who reigned from 1509 to 1529, was one of the most powerful rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire. The Portuguese, establishing their presence on the west coast of India after Vasco da Gama's arrival, sought to control or gain access to profitable trading ports like Bhatkal, which was important for pepper trade. Historical accounts indicate that the Portuguese interacted and made agreements with the Vijayanagara rulers, including Krishnadevaraya, securing trade privileges and permission to build factories and fortifications in their territories, including Bhatkal.