Swami Dayananda Saraswati was a key figure in the Hindu reform movement, advocating for a return to Vedic ideals. He established the Arya Samaj to promote his philosophy of "Back to the Vedas." His work, Satyarth Prakash, is a seminal text outlining his reformist views. He vehemently opposed idolatry, superstition, and the caste system.