While Al-Biruni and Hujwiri did engage with Indian philosophical and religious systems, specifically Yoga and its practitioners: A and B are correct. Al-Biruni in his Kitab fi Tahqiq ma li'l-Hind (Indica) discussed Indian philosophical concepts, finding parallels between Sufi ideas like fana (annihilation) and concepts from the Bhagavad Gita, and comparing Sufi theories of the soul with Patanjali's Yoga Sutras. C is correct. The Sanskrit Hatha Yoga text Amrita Kunda was translated into Arabic and Persian and influenced Sufi physiological and mystical practices. D is likely incorrect. Hujwiri, in his Kashf al-Mahjub, mentions encountering Yogis and discusses their practices. While he noted some similarities in asceticism and detachment with Sufism, his overall tone is generally critical from an Islamic perspective, and there is no strong evidence to suggest he was "impressed" specifically by their theory of the division of the human body (like chakras or subtle physiology) in a way that implies acceptance or admiration from his Islamic standpoint. His account is more of an observation and a comparison/contrast exercise.
Which one of the following statements is not correct?
Asked in UPSC CDS 1 2018 · Topic: Bhakti and Sufi Movement (Origins and Fundamental Doctrines of Sufism in India)
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Answer: D. Hujwiri's conversation with the Yogis shows that he was impressed with their theory of the division of the human body.
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